THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN ARMY AND THE COSSACK HOST IN MOSCOW CAMPAIGN OF 1618
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33402/up.2020-13-34-74Keywords:
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Ukraine, Moscow state, Cossack armyAbstract
The main reasons for the war of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Moscow state are explained. The author argues that the attempt of Warsaw to prevent the realization of the Kremlin’s plan toward the conquer of Ukrainian lands was one of them.The essence of political agreements between the rule of the Polish-Lithuanian Common- wealth and hetman of Zaporozhzhian Host Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachnyi before this military campaign is studied. The main strategy and tactics, as well as basic battles of the Cossack army, are described. Data on the number and structure of the Polish-Lithuanian army (10,000 soldiers) and the Cossack host (20,000 Cossacks) are given. The main successes of the Cossacks on the way to Moscow are determined. The strategy and tactics and the main battles of the Cossack host are analyzed.The march of Konashevych-Sahaidachnyi’s host to help the forces of Prince Władysław decisively estimated the result of the war of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth against the Muscovite state in 1617–1618. The arrival of a great Cossack army, more than two times larger than the size of the Prince’s army, not only changed the balance of power in favor of the Polish-Cossack troops but also decisively determined the success and ensured the achievement of at least a «minimum program» of the war. The arrival of Cossack troops not only saved the situation and decided the fate of the «Moscow campaign» for Warsaw but also became an indisputable proof of the irreplaceability of the Zaporozhian Host as an important component of the Armed Forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the first half of the XVII century. Although the participants of military operations were unsatisfied on their own (because all of them had calculated much more plans), the Cossack host participation in the war against the Muscovian state has been left in history as one of the most successful common military campaigns in the history of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Ukraine.
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